Middle East, United Arab Emirates · Dubai
Hotel rooms
35,000
Venues listed
8
Nearby airports
AZI · 6 mi; AUH · 17 mi; DHF · 18 mi
Recorded capacity, not availability. Confirm your layout and accommodation block for your dates.
“Abu Dhabi: Where Tradition Meets Innovation in World-Class Events”
Middle East, United Arab Emirates · Dubai
Hotel rooms
35,000
Venues listed
8
Airports
AUH · AZI · DWC
Recorded capacity, not availability. Confirm your layout and accommodation block for your dates.
Destination scorecard
Destinaitor dataHow Abu Dhabi rates across the dimensions that shape an event decision (out of 100).
Air Connectivity (25%): 24/25 - Abu Dhabi International Airport (AUH) demonstrates outstanding air connectivity as a major global aviation hub serving over 100 destinations across six continents. As home base for Etihad Airways plus numerous international carriers, it provides extensive direct flights to major business centers in Europe (6-7 hours), Asia (4-8 hours), Americas, Africa (4-6 hours), and Oceania. Proximity to Dubai International Airport (130km) provides supplementary connectivity. Modern facilities with efficient immigration processes and business amenities ensure excellent service reliability for business travelers. Regional and National Ground Connectivity (25%): 20/25 - Strong road infrastructure with well-maintained highways connecting to Dubai (90 minutes), other emirates, and neighboring countries. Comprehensive bus network operated by DMT connects major areas, hotels, business districts, and venues. However, rail connectivity is currently limited as Etihad Rail network remains under development, though future phases will connect Abu Dhabi with Dubai, Saudi Arabia, and Oman. Extensive road network compensates for absence of operational intercity rail. Availability and Quality of Alternative Transport Modes (25%): 18/25 - Good variety of alternative transport including extensive air-conditioned bus network with Hafilat smart card integration, inter-emirate bus services, water taxis and abras for waterway access, and bike-sharing schemes (Cyacle) in key areas. However, high-speed rail options are not yet operational, and the car-centric nature of the city limits some alternative mode effectiveness. Climate-controlled footbridges and shaded walkways address extreme heat challenges. Quality of Main Transport Hubs and Entry Points (25%): 23/25 - Abu Dhabi International Airport features modern infrastructure, efficient immigration and customs processes, multiple terminals with comprehensive business amenities, and excellent ground transportation options (taxis, buses, car rentals) providing 30-40 minute access to city center (30km distance). The airport offers seamless connectivity and user-friendly facilities. Bus terminals and taxi services are well-organized with English widely spoken. Future rail stations under development will further enhance hub quality. Total: 85/100
How they're improving
Abu Dhabi scores 82/100 on Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Business Travel. CRITERION 1 - Sustainable Infrastructure and Green Buildings (30%): Score 26/30. Abu Dhabi demonstrates outstanding commitment with LEED-certified venues including ADNEC, Masdar City as a pioneering sustainable urban development integrating clean technology, the Noor Abu Dhabi solar plant (one of the world's largest single-site solar projects), expanded metro networks, electric vehicle charging stations, water conservation technologies, and alignment with UAE's Net Zero 2050 initiative. The emirate has invested heavily in green infrastructure and renewable energy facilities. CRITERION 2 - Eco-friendly Event and Business Services (25%): Score 20/25. Strong performance with ISO 20121 compliance for sustainable event management, ADNEC implementing energy-efficient systems and waste reduction programs, digital event solutions reducing paper waste, sustainable catering with locally-sourced ingredients, carbon offset programs, efficient public transportation connections to venues, and Department of Culture and Tourism providing guidelines for sustainable event practices. CRITERION 3 - Community and Economic Impact Programs (25%): Score 19/25. Good initiatives including prioritizing local suppliers and SMEs through procurement policies, employment opportunities for Emiratis in hospitality and MICE industries, community engagement programs connecting international visitors with local entrepreneurs, revenue channeling into community development projects, skills training programs, cultural preservation initiatives (Louvre Abu Dhabi), and events like Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week fostering knowledge transfer. CRITERION 4 - Long-term Sustainability Investments (20%): Score 17/20. Excellent strategic planning through Economic Vision 2030 driving knowledge-based industries, substantial investments in renewable energy infrastructure, sustainable transportation expansion, LEED-certified venues and hotels development, water conservation technologies, cultural preservation projects, social investments in education and healthcare, and economic diversification beyond oil dependency creating resilient business events ecosystem.
How they're improving
Abu Dhabi receives a walkability score of 68/100, reflecting moderate pedestrian accessibility with notable strengths in specific zones but limitations as a primarily car-centric city. Pedestrian Infrastructure (30%): 21/30 - Abu Dhabi demonstrates strong pedestrian infrastructure in key areas, particularly the 8-kilometer Corniche waterfront promenade with dedicated pedestrian and cycling paths. Major business districts (Capital Centre, Al Maryah Island, Yas Island) feature modern sidewalks, clearly marked crossings, wheelchair-accessible routes, and pedestrian bridges. Innovative climate adaptations include shaded walkways and climate-controlled footbridges to combat extreme heat. Traffic signals include pedestrian countdowns and routes are generally well-lit for evening events. However, continuous sidewalk networks are lacking in some districts, and considerable distances between destinations limit overall walkability. Urban Mobility Options (25%): 14/25 - The text provides limited information on micro-mobility solutions. While dedicated cycling paths exist along the Corniche, there is no mention of bike-sharing, scooter-sharing, or other micro-mobility programs. Public transportation (taxis and buses) increasingly accommodates mobility-challenged travelers, but the absence of detailed micro-mobility infrastructure indicates moderate development in this criterion. City Layout and Walkable Zones (25%): 18/25 - Abu Dhabi's layout presents mixed walkability. Specific zones like conference areas and hotel clusters are designed for comfortable pedestrian navigation with well-connected pathways. The island geography connected by three major bridges creates distinct walkable districts. However, the city remains car-centric with considerable distances between destinations, limiting inter-district walkability. Key business and tourist areas maintain concentrated, pedestrian-friendly environments suitable for event attendees. Local Tips for Getting Around (20%): 15/20 - The destination provides clear wayfinding with signed pathways and pedestrian countdowns at traffic signals. Event planners receive specific guidance about arranging transportation between venues and identifying walkable zones. Information about climate considerations (extreme heat) and district-specific accessibility helps visitors plan accordingly. The recommendation to use transportation between venues while navigating on foot within specific zones demonstrates practical local mobility advice.
How they're improving
Accessibility of Physical Infrastructure (25%): 23/25 - Abu Dhabi demonstrates excellent physical accessibility with modern venues, hotels, and convention centers featuring wheelchair ramps, accessible restrooms, elevators, and designated parking spaces. The ADNEC expansion and new facilities are designed to meet international accessibility standards with universal design principles. Minor deduction for ongoing development nature. Inclusivity Policies and Practices (25%): 22/25 - Strong inclusivity demonstrated through accessible public transportation (taxis and buses) accommodating mobility challenges, prayer rooms, diverse dining options for various dietary requirements, and multilingual staff. Cultural sensitivity is prioritized across venues. Slight deduction as public transport accessibility is described as 'increasingly' accommodating, suggesting room for improvement. Provision of Information and Support Services (25%): 20/25 - The destination shows commitment to assistive technologies including hearing loop systems and visual aids for sensory impairments. However, the text lacks specific details about accessible websites, guides, signposting, and direct support services for travelers, indicating a gap in documented information provision. Business-friendly Services for Visitors with Special Needs (25%): 23/25 - Premier event facilities including ADNEC comply with universal design principles and offer assistive technologies. Modern convention centers and business hotels are designed to international accessibility standards. The ongoing enhancements across hospitality and MICE sectors demonstrate strong business-focused accessibility. Total: 88/100
How they're improving
While Abu Dhabi demonstrates strong accessibility infrastructure in major venues and facilities, enhancing public space accessibility, comprehensive information systems, and standardized inclusive services across all sectors would elevate the destination to world-leading status. Key improvement recommendations include:
Abu Dhabi receives an outstanding safety and security score of 92/100 for business travelers. Healthcare Facilities and Medical Services (28/30): Abu Dhabi provides exceptional medical infrastructure with JCI-accredited hospitals including Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi with American board-certified physicians, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City as a major tertiary care facility, and Burjeel Hospital with advanced specialty services. All facilities offer 24/7 emergency services, state-of-the-art medical technology, multilingual staff (English, Arabic, and other languages), and dedicated international patient services departments with medical tourism coordinators to support event planners. Safe Areas and Zones to Avoid (24/25): Abu Dhabi is recognized as one of the safest cities in the UAE and globally, with high security standards and low crime rates across all districts. No significant areas require active avoidance. All main business and tourist districts including the Corniche, Yas Island, Saadiyat Island, and central business district maintain excellent safety records. Only standard precautions needed in industrial zones at night and construction areas. Emergency Response Systems (23/25): While not explicitly detailed in the source material, Abu Dhabi's reputation as one of the world's safest cities and its world-class healthcare infrastructure with 24/7 emergency services at multiple JCI-accredited facilities indicates robust emergency response capabilities. Traveler Safety Information and Support (17/20): The city provides comprehensive support through multilingual hospital staff, international patient services departments, and medical tourism coordinators who assist event planners. The clear safety profile with minimal restricted areas demonstrates transparent traveler information availability.
How they're improving
Tap a score to see how Abu Dhabi earns it and where it is improving.
Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, is a world-class business events destination that seamlessly blends rich Arabian heritage with ultra-modern infrastructure and visionary development. This cosmopolitan city offers state-of-the-art convention facilities, including the Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre (ADNEC), alongside luxurious five-star hotels and award-winning venues capable of hosting events of any scale. Strategically located as a gateway between East and West, Abu Dhabi provides excellent international connectivity through its modern airport, while offering delegates an inspiring backdrop of iconic landmarks such as the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, the Louvre Abu Dhabi, and the stunning Corniche waterfront. The destination combines professional excellence with unique cultural experiences, from traditional souks to world-class dining and entertainment options, all supported by the emirate's commitment to safety, cutting-edge technology, and sustainable tourism practices. With year-round sunshine, exceptional service standards, and a business-friendly environment, Abu Dhabi presents an ideal setting for conferences, exhibitions, incentive travel, and corporate meetings that leave lasting impressions on attendees.
Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, stands as a premier business events destination distinguished by its world-class infrastructure, strategic geographic location, and seamless blend of traditional Arabian hospitality with cutting-edge modernity. The destination boasts state-of-the-art convention facilities including the Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre (ADNEC), luxury hotels with extensive meeting spaces, and a sophisticated transportation network featuring an international airport with global connectivity. As a politically stable and safe destination, Abu Dhabi offers year-round sunshine, tax-free environment, and advanced telecommunications infrastructure that support seamless event execution. The emirate's commitment to the MICE sector is evident through its professional destination management services, multilingual workforce, competitive pricing, and unique cultural experiences ranging from iconic landmarks like the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque to futuristic attractions on Yas Island. With its strategic position bridging East and West, robust economy driven by diverse sectors beyond oil, and continuous investment in tourism infrastructure, Abu Dhabi provides event planners with a compelling combination of accessibility, reliability, and distinctive venue options that cater to events of all scales.
The case for Abu Dhabi
Abu Dhabi's key strategic and marketing messages position the emirate as a world-class business events destination that seamlessly blends rich cultural heritage with futuristic innovation and infrastructure. The destination's value proposition centers on its exceptional connectivity as a global hub, state-of-the-art MICE facilities including the award-winning ADNEC Centre Abu Dhabi, and a proven track record of hosting major international conferences and exhibitions. Abu Dhabi differentiates itself through its unique offering of authentic Arabian hospitality combined with cutting-edge technology, diverse venue options ranging from luxury hotels to iconic cultural landmarks, and its commitment to sustainability and innovation. The emirate's competitive advantages include world-class safety and security standards, a business-friendly environment with supportive government initiatives, year-round sunshine, and the ability to deliver both large-scale conventions and intimate corporate gatherings. Abu Dhabi's brand positioning emphasizes its role as a meeting point between East and West, offering delegates an enriching experience that combines productive business environments with unforgettable cultural experiences, from the stunning Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque to the Louvre Abu Dhabi, making it an inspiring destination where tradition meets transformation.
Why business comes here
The economic backdrop that draws associations and corporates to Abu Dhabi.
Abu Dhabi offers a highly favorable business environment characterized by a robust, diversified economy driven by oil and gas, tourism, finance, and renewable energy sectors. The emirate benefits from strategic government initiatives such as the Abu Dhabi Economic Vision 2030, which promotes economic diversification and innovation, while maintaining business-friendly policies including zero corporate and personal income tax for most sectors, 100% foreign ownership in many industries, and streamlined company registration processes. The city's world-class infrastructure, strategic location as a gateway between East and West, political stability, and strong regulatory framework overseen by the Abu Dhabi Department of Economic Development create an attractive climate for international business events and conferences. Additionally, Abu Dhabi's commitment to digital transformation, presence of numerous free zones offering additional incentives, and a highly skilled multilingual workforce supported by continuous investments in education and technology make it an increasingly competitive destination for business tourism and corporate events in the Middle East region.
Abu Dhabi's economy is anchored by its substantial oil and gas sector, which remains the primary economic driver and has positioned the emirate as one of the world's leading energy producers. However, the destination has strategically diversified its economic base through Vision 2030, fostering growth in sectors including aerospace and defense, financial services, tourism and hospitality, healthcare and life sciences, renewable energy, and advanced manufacturing. The emirate has emerged as a major hub for Islamic finance and conventional banking, hosts cutting-edge research facilities and innovation centers, and has invested heavily in cultural tourism with world-class attractions and MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Events) infrastructure. Abu Dhabi's strategic location between East and West, combined with state-of-the-art logistics capabilities through its ports and airports, has strengthened its position as a global trading hub. The government's commitment to knowledge-based industries, including technology, artificial intelligence, and space exploration, alongside significant investments in education through institutions like Masdar City and NYU Abu Dhabi, demonstrates the emirate's transition toward a sustainable, innovation-driven economy that maintains its energy sector excellence while building new pillars of economic strength.
Abu Dhabi hosts several pivotal business institutions that drive its economic development and support the emirate's position as a global business hub. The Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry serves as the primary representative body for the private sector, facilitating business networking, advocacy, and commercial partnerships. The Central Bank of the UAE, headquartered in Abu Dhabi, oversees monetary policy and regulates the nation's banking sector, while major financial institutions like First Abu Dhabi Bank (FAB), the UAE's largest bank, and the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA), one of the world's largest sovereign wealth funds, manage substantial capital and investment portfolios. The Abu Dhabi Department of Economic Development (ADDED) serves as the key regulatory body for business licensing and economic policy implementation, working alongside the Abu Dhabi Investment Office (ADIO) which attracts foreign investment and supports innovation-driven businesses. Additionally, the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM), an international financial center, provides a common law jurisdiction and independent regulatory framework that attracts global financial services firms. These institutions collectively create a robust ecosystem for business events, offering event planners access to influential decision-makers, financial expertise, and comprehensive business development support.
Abu Dhabi's major business centers are strategically concentrated across several key districts that form the economic backbone of the emirate. The primary commercial hub is the Abu Dhabi Central Business District, encompassing areas around Corniche Road and the downtown financial district, where major banks, corporate headquarters, and government ministries are located in iconic skyscrapers. Al Maryah Island has emerged as the city's premier international financial center, home to the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) financial free zone, hosting numerous multinational corporations, investment firms, and banking institutions in state-of-the-art office towers. The Capital Centre district along Airport Road serves as another significant business hub with extensive office complexes, exhibition centers including ADNEC (Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre), and commercial facilities. Additionally, Khalifa City and the developing Reem Island provide modern business infrastructure and corporate offices, while specialized zones like Masdar City focus on technology and sustainable business ventures, collectively establishing Abu Dhabi as a diverse and sophisticated business destination in the Middle East.
Abu Dhabi boasts a distinguished collection of educational and research institutions that significantly enhance its cultural and intellectual landscape. The city is home to several world-renowned university branches, including New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), which offers a comprehensive liberal arts education, and the Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi, bringing French academic excellence to the region. Khalifa University stands as the emirate's premier research-intensive institution, focusing on science, engineering, and technology with state-of-the-art facilities and strong industry partnerships. The Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, now integrated into Khalifa University, specializes in sustainable energy and advanced technologies. Additionally, Abu Dhabi hosts campuses of other international institutions and specialized research centers such as the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) headquarters and various technology parks that foster innovation and knowledge exchange. These institutions not only contribute to the UAE's vision of becoming a knowledge-based economy but also provide excellent networking opportunities and potential collaboration partners for business events, conferences, and academic symposiums, while offering access to cutting-edge research, expert speakers, and a highly educated talent pool that enriches the destination's appeal for corporate meetings and educational conventions.
Abu Dhabi offers exceptional networking opportunities for business event planners and delegates through its world-class infrastructure and strategic position as a global business hub. The destination hosts numerous high-profile international conferences and exhibitions at venues like the Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre (ADNEC), covering sectors from energy and finance to technology and healthcare. Key networking platforms include the Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry events, which regularly organize business forums and trade missions, as well as sector-specific gatherings such as Abu Dhabi Finance Week, ADIPEC (Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference), and the Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week. The city's thriving professional associations, including chapters of international organizations and local business councils, facilitate meaningful connections among industry leaders, entrepreneurs, and decision-makers. Additionally, the Abu Dhabi government actively supports networking through initiatives like Hub71, a global tech ecosystem that hosts regular startup meetups and investor networking sessions, while luxury hotels and business districts regularly host informal networking events, creating numerous opportunities for professionals to connect in both formal conference settings and more relaxed business social environments.
Abu Dhabi continues to strengthen its position as a global business hub through significant infrastructure and technological developments. The emirate is advancing its Ghadan 21 accelerator program with major investments in smart city infrastructure, including the expansion of the Abu Dhabi International Airport and development of integrated transportation networks. Key business district expansions include the ongoing development of the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) financial free zone and the Midfield Terminal Complex, which enhances connectivity for business travelers. The destination is pioneering technological advancements through initiatives like Hub71, a leading tech ecosystem supporting startups and innovation, while massive investments in renewable energy projects, including the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park extension, demonstrate commitment to sustainable business practices. Additionally, the completion of advanced convention facilities at Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre (ADNEC) and the development of integrated business districts in areas like Reem Island and Al Maryah Island provide state-of-the-art venues and commercial spaces that cater to international business events and conferences, reinforcing Abu Dhabi's appeal as a premier destination for business tourism and major corporate gatherings.
Abu Dhabi is experiencing significant transformation as it adapts to emerging business events trends, with a strong focus on sustainability, digital innovation, and economic diversification aligned with the UAE's broader vision. The destination is positioning itself as a hub for technology-driven events, hybrid and virtual meeting capabilities, and purpose-led gatherings that emphasize ESG principles and net-zero commitments. In response to the growing demand for unique, culturally immersive experiences, Abu Dhabi is leveraging its rich heritage alongside ultra-modern infrastructure, offering event planners a blend of iconic venues like the Louvre Abu Dhabi and cutting-edge convention facilities. The emirate is also capitalizing on its strategic geographic location as a gateway between East and West, investing heavily in expanding its MICE infrastructure, developing new attractions, and streamlining business-friendly policies to attract international conferences, exhibitions, and corporate events. Furthermore, Abu Dhabi is embracing wellness tourism and bleisure trends by integrating recreational and cultural activities into business event programs, while its economic diversification away from oil dependency is creating new opportunities in sectors such as renewable energy, aerospace, healthcare, and financial services, making it an increasingly relevant destination for industry-specific conventions and thought leadership summits.
Where you'll meet
Browse Abu Dhabi's catalogued venues by type: convention centres, hotels with meeting space, atypical and offsite spaces.
Abu Dhabi boasts world-class convention centers that cater to a diverse range of business events and exhibitions. The flagship Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre (ADNEC) is the emirate's premier venue, featuring over 133,000 square meters of exhibition space across multiple interconnected halls, complemented by a purpose-built convention center with state-of-the-art meeting rooms and a 5,000-seat auditorium. Additionally, the city offers the Abu Dhabi Convention Centre at ADNEC, which provides flexible spaces suitable for conferences, corporate meetings, and gala dinners. The newly developed Etihad Arena on Yas Island adds another dimension with its 18,000-capacity multi-purpose indoor venue that can accommodate large-scale conventions and exhibitions. These facilities are equipped with cutting-edge technology, modern infrastructure, and professional event support services, making Abu Dhabi a competitive destination for international trade shows, industry conventions, and major business gatherings in the Middle East region.
Abu Dhabi offers an exceptional array of atypical venues that provide unforgettable settings for business events beyond conventional hotel ballrooms and conference centers. Event planners can host gatherings at iconic locations such as the Louvre Abu Dhabi, where contemporary art and striking architecture create an inspiring backdrop, or the Qasr Al Watan presidential palace, offering opulent halls steeped in cultural heritage. The Emirates Palace Mandarin Oriental's private beach and gardens provide outdoor sophistication, while Yas Marina Circuit allows for high-octane events on the Formula 1 track. For immersive cultural experiences, the historic Al Ain Oasis or traditional dhow cruises along the Corniche deliver authentic Arabian ambiance. Desert venues on the outskirts of the city enable dramatic dune-side receptions under the stars, and the Etihad Towers observation deck at 300 provides breathtaking panoramic views for cocktail receptions. Additionally, modern spaces like Warner Bros. World Abu Dhabi and SeaWorld Abu Dhabi offer entertainment-infused environments, while luxury yacht charters and private island venues such as Nurai Island present exclusive waterfront settings that make business events in Abu Dhabi truly distinctive and memorable.
Where they’ll stay
Abu Dhabi offers an exceptional array of hotels and resorts that cater specifically to business events, combining world-class accommodations with state-of-the-art meeting facilities. The destination features luxury properties such as Emirates Palace Mandarin Oriental, known for its opulent conference spaces and palatial settings; Yas Island hotels including Yas Hotel Abu Dhabi with its iconic F1 circuit views and modern meeting venues; St. Regis Saadiyat Island Resort offering beachfront elegance with sophisticated event spaces; and Jumeirah at Etihad Towers providing stunning cityscape views alongside comprehensive business facilities. Additional notable properties include the Ritz-Carlton Abu Dhabi Grand Canal with Venetian-inspired architecture and flexible meeting rooms, Rosewood Abu Dhabi with contemporary luxury and intimate event spaces, and The Abu Dhabi EDITION featuring cutting-edge design with versatile conference areas. These establishments collectively provide diverse options ranging from intimate boardroom settings to grand ballrooms accommodating thousands, all supported by premium dining options, advanced audiovisual technology, dedicated event planning teams, and seamless integration of accommodation for delegates, making Abu Dhabi an ideal destination for conferences, corporate meetings, incentive trips, and international business gatherings.
Getting there & around
Abu Dhabi benefits from exceptional international airport connectivity through Abu Dhabi International Airport (AUH), which serves as a major global aviation hub in the Middle East. The airport, located approximately 30 kilometers from the city center, offers extensive direct flight connections to over 100 destinations across six continents, including major business centers in Europe, Asia, the Americas, Africa, and Oceania. As the home base of Etihad Airways, the UAE's national carrier, along with numerous international airlines, the airport provides convenient access for international event attendees and business travelers. The airport features modern facilities with efficient immigration and customs processes, multiple terminals equipped with business amenities, and seamless ground transportation options including taxis, buses, and car rentals that make the 30-40 minute journey to the city center straightforward. Additionally, Abu Dhabi's proximity to Dubai International Airport (approximately 130 kilometers away), one of the world's busiest airports, provides supplementary connectivity options for international visitors, making the destination highly accessible for global business events and conferences.
Abu Dhabi enjoys excellent domestic airport connectivity through Abu Dhabi International Airport (AUH), which serves as the primary gateway and is located approximately 30 kilometers from the city center, offering seamless access via multiple transportation options including taxis, buses, and car rentals. While the United Arab Emirates is a relatively compact nation, Abu Dhabi International Airport provides regular domestic connections to other emirates, particularly Dubai International Airport (DXB) and Sharjah International Airport (SHJ), though many travelers opt for the well-maintained road network given the short distances between emirates (approximately 90 minutes to Dubai by car). The airport also connects to Al Ain, Abu Dhabi's second-largest city, and other domestic destinations within the emirate. For business event attendees, the airport's modern infrastructure, efficient immigration processes for UAE nationals and residents, and proximity to major hotels and convention centers make domestic travel highly convenient. Additionally, the newer Al Maktoum International Airport in Dubai and the ongoing development of transportation links ensure that national travelers can easily access Abu Dhabi for business events with minimal transit time and excellent connectivity throughout the UAE.
Abu Dhabi currently has limited train station connectivity, as the emirate's rail infrastructure is still under development. The Etihad Rail network, a major Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) railway project, is progressively being constructed to connect Abu Dhabi with other emirates and neighboring countries, including Dubai, Saudi Arabia, and Oman. Once operational, the network will feature stations in strategic locations across Abu Dhabi, including the capital city and key business districts, facilitating seamless connectivity for business travelers and event attendees. In the interim, Abu Dhabi is well-served by an extensive road network and bus services connecting to Dubai, where the Dubai Metro provides comprehensive urban rail transit. Event planners should note that while intercity train travel is not yet available, Abu Dhabi International Airport and road connections via bus and private transfers remain the primary means of accessing the destination, with significant improvements in rail connectivity expected as the Etihad Rail project phases are completed in the coming years.
Abu Dhabi offers a comprehensive public transportation network primarily operated by the Department of Municipalities and Transport (DMT). The city's bus system, managed by Abu Dhabi Public Transport Services Company, features an extensive network of air-conditioned buses covering major areas including hotels, business districts, shopping centers, and tourist attractions, with dedicated routes connecting to Abu Dhabi International Airport and the Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre (ADNEC). Visitors and event attendees can utilize the integrated Hafilat smart card system for seamless payment across all buses. Additionally, Abu Dhabi is served by a fleet of metered taxis operated by TransAD, available 24/7 and easily accessible throughout the city, while ride-hailing services like Uber and Careem provide alternative transportation options. For inter-emirate travel, bus services connect Abu Dhabi with neighboring Dubai, Sharjah, and other emirates, making it convenient for event planners and attendees to navigate both within the destination and across the UAE. The city continues to invest in expanding its public transport infrastructure to enhance connectivity and accessibility for business events and conferences.
Abu Dhabi offers a comprehensive range of informal transportation facilities that cater to both business travelers and event attendees. Taxis are readily available throughout the city, with metered services operated by TransAD (the official taxi operator) featuring modern, air-conditioned vehicles that can be hailed on the street, booked via phone, or through their mobile app. Ride-sharing services including Uber and Careem are widely used and provide convenient, cashless payment options with real-time tracking capabilities. For shorter distances and eco-conscious travelers, bike-sharing schemes such as Cyacle operate in key areas around the Corniche and popular business districts, offering an alternative way to navigate the city's well-maintained cycling paths. Additionally, traditional water taxis and abras provide unique transportation options across the waterways, particularly useful for accessing certain venue locations along the coast. Event planners should note that these informal transportation options are reliable, safe, and readily accessible, with English widely spoken by drivers, making it easy for international delegates to navigate the destination independently between meetings, venues, and hotels.
Abu Dhabi offers moderate pedestrian accessibility with significant developments in key areas, though it remains primarily a car-centric city. The destination has made substantial investments in pedestrian infrastructure, particularly along the Corniche waterfront promenade, which features well-maintained walkways spanning approximately 8 kilometers with dedicated pedestrian and cycling paths. In major business and tourist districts such as the Capital Centre, Al Maryah Island, and Yas Island, you'll find modern sidewalks, clearly marked crossings, wheelchair-accessible routes, and pedestrian bridges connecting key venues and hotels. The city has implemented shaded walkways and climate-controlled footbridges in several areas to combat the extreme heat, making walking more comfortable during summer months. However, distances between destinations can be considerable, and not all areas are equally pedestrian-friendly, with some districts lacking continuous sidewalk networks. For event planners, it's advisable to arrange transportation between venues, though within specific zones like the main conference areas and hotel clusters, delegates can navigate comfortably on foot with access to clearly signed pathways, traffic signals with pedestrian countdowns, and generally well-lit routes for evening events.
Beyond the meeting room
What delegates do between sessions, and the social-program ingredients Abu Dhabi offers.
Abu Dhabi boasts a vibrant arts and culture scene that seamlessly blends traditional Emirati heritage with contemporary global influences. The destination is home to world-class cultural institutions including the iconic Louvre Abu Dhabi, which showcases both Eastern and Western art collections, and the upcoming Guggenheim Abu Dhabi, reinforcing the city's position as a cultural hub. Traditional arts such as Arabic calligraphy, henna painting, Al-Sadu weaving, and falconry remain integral to local identity, while the city actively promotes these through heritage villages, cultural festivals, and the Qasr Al Hosn complex. The creative industries thrive through initiatives like Manarat Al Saadiyat, which hosts exhibitions and artist residencies, and the Abu Dhabi Music & Arts Foundation that nurtures local talent. The destination celebrates its cultural richness through major events including Abu Dhabi Art, the Abu Dhabi Festival, and various international film and book festivals, while traditional practices like pearl diving heritage, Bedouin poetry, and traditional dance performances (Ayala and Harbiya) continue to be showcased at cultural venues and events, offering event planners authentic experiences that reflect the emirate's unique position at the crossroads of tradition and innovation.
Abu Dhabi's culinary heritage is deeply rooted in traditional Emirati cuisine, which reflects the region's Bedouin ancestry and coastal location, featuring dishes like Al Harees (slow-cooked wheat and meat), Al Machboos (spiced rice with meat or fish), and Luqaimat (sweet dumplings). The destination's food culture emphasizes generous hospitality, with Arabic coffee (gahwa) and dates being essential symbols of welcome. Contemporary Abu Dhabi has evolved into a sophisticated culinary hub that honors its heritage while embracing global influences, offering everything from authentic Emirati restaurants serving camel meat and fresh Gulf seafood to world-class international dining experiences. Local flavors are characterized by the use of traditional spices like saffron, cardamom, and dried lime (loomi), while ingredients such as dates, honey, rose water, and locally-caught fish remain staples. The city hosts numerous food festivals and culinary events that celebrate both traditional Emirati cooking methods and modern gastronomy, making it an ideal destination for business events that wish to incorporate authentic cultural experiences alongside contemporary dining options.
Abu Dhabi boasts world-class museums and art venues that showcase its rich cultural heritage and commitment to becoming a global cultural hub. The Louvre Abu Dhabi, located on Saadiyat Island, is a landmark institution featuring a stunning Jean Nouvel-designed building and houses an impressive collection spanning civilizations and centuries, from ancient artifacts to contemporary works. Qasr Al Hosn, the city's oldest stone building, serves as a museum chronicling Abu Dhabi's transformation from a fishing village to a modern metropolis. The upcoming Zayed National Museum, designed by Foster + Partners, will celebrate the nation's history and founding father Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan. Manarat Al Saadiyat functions as a cultural center hosting exhibitions and events, while the Cultural Foundation in downtown Abu Dhabi offers galleries, workshops, and performance spaces. The forthcoming Guggenheim Abu Dhabi and Natural History Museum Abu Dhabi on Saadiyat Island will further enhance the destination's cultural offerings, making Abu Dhabi an increasingly attractive destination for business events seeking venues with world-class cultural amenities and inspiring settings.
Abu Dhabi boasts a diverse array of natural attractions that blend desert landscapes with stunning coastal beauty. The emirate features the magnificent Arabian Desert with its golden sand dunes, particularly spectacular in the Liwa Desert and Al Wathba regions, offering opportunities for desert safaris and wildlife encounters. The Eastern Mangroves Natural Reserve showcases unique coastal ecosystems with extensive mangrove forests that serve as vital habitats for flamingos, herons, and other wildlife, accessible via kayaking tours. Along Abu Dhabi's pristine coastline, visitors can explore beautiful beaches and islands, including the protected Sir Bani Yas Island, which houses the Arabian Wildlife Park featuring indigenous Arabian species like oryx and gazelles roaming freely across savannah-like landscapes. The emirate also offers scenic coastal areas along the Corniche and various pristine beaches, while natural attractions like Jebel Hafeet, the UAE's second-highest peak located near Al Ain, provides dramatic mountain scenery with winding roads offering panoramic desert views. These natural landmarks create compelling settings for business events seeking unique outdoor venues or activities that showcase the destination's environmental diversity.
Abu Dhabi experiences a subtropical desert climate characterized by extremely hot summers and warm, pleasant winters. From June to September, summer temperatures soar between 40-45°C (104-113°F) with peak heat in July and August, accompanied by high humidity levels of 80-90% along the coast, creating challenging outdoor conditions. Winter months from November to March are considerably more comfortable, with average temperatures ranging from 18-30°C (64-86°F) and lower humidity levels around 50-60%, making this the ideal period for hosting business events and outdoor activities. The transitional months of April-May and October see temperatures between 30-38°C (86-100°F). Rainfall is minimal throughout the year, averaging only 50-100mm annually, occurring primarily during winter months in brief, sporadic showers. The destination enjoys abundant sunshine year-round with clear skies prevalent, while occasional sandstorms may occur during spring and summer months, though these are typically short-lived and don't significantly impact business operations.
Abu Dhabi experiences distinct tourism and business events seasonality influenced by its desert climate and strategic positioning as a global business hub. The peak season for both tourism and business events runs from October through April, when temperatures are mild and pleasant (20-30°C), making it ideal for outdoor activities and large-scale conferences. This period coincides with major events such as the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix (November), ADIPEC - one of the world's largest energy conferences (November), and the Abu Dhabi International Boat Show (typically in the fall). The winter months of December through February see the highest influx of leisure tourists escaping colder climates, while March and April attract significant business event activity with numerous international conferences and exhibitions. Summer months (June-September) are considered low season due to extreme heat (40-45°C), though indoor venues with world-class air conditioning remain operational, and this period often features discounted rates and special offers. The shoulder months of May and September-October are increasingly popular for business events as venues offer competitive pricing while weather conditions become more tolerable, and Ramadan's timing (shifting annually) also influences event scheduling, with many organizations planning major business events outside this holy month.
Budget context
For Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, business event attendees can anticipate moderate to premium costs depending on their preferences and event requirements. Accommodation ranges from approximately $100-150 USD per night for mid-range hotels to $300-600+ USD for luxury properties, with Abu Dhabi offering excellent value compared to other global business hubs. Daily meals typically cost between $50-100 USD, with diverse options from affordable local eateries to high-end international restaurants. Transportation is relatively economical, with taxi fares starting at around $3-4 USD and ride-sharing services widely available, while many venues offer shuttle services; a daily transportation budget of $20-40 USD is generally sufficient for getting around the city. Other daily essentials and incidentals, including bottled water, coffee, and minor purchases, may add another $20-30 USD per day. Overall, a business event attendee should budget approximately $200-300 USD per day for comfortable mid-range accommodations and services, or $400-700+ USD per day for premium experiences, noting that Abu Dhabi offers tax-free shopping and competitive pricing on many services, making it an attractive destination for business events in the Middle East region.
Good to know
The on-the-ground details that shape an attendee experience and a risk assessment.
For business events in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, attire should reflect both professional standards and cultural sensitivity while accounting for the hot desert climate. Men are advised to wear lightweight business suits in conservative colors, long-sleeved shirts, and ties for formal events, though jackets may be removed in more casual settings; shorts and sleeveless tops are inappropriate. Women should opt for modest, professional attire including suits, dresses, or dress pants with blouses that cover shoulders and extend below the knee, avoiding tight-fitting, transparent, or low-cut clothing, while considering breathable fabrics due to the heat. While Abu Dhabi is relatively cosmopolitan and international business attire is widely accepted in professional settings, showing respect for local customs by dressing conservatively is appreciated, especially when meeting with government officials or at events during Ramadan. Indoor venues are typically air-conditioned, so bringing a light jacket is advisable. Business casual may be acceptable for some daytime events, but it's better to err on the side of formality. Both men and women should ensure their clothing is clean, well-pressed, and professional in appearance, as first impressions are important in Emirati business culture.
In Abu Dhabi, casual dress should balance comfort with cultural respect and sensitivity to the local Islamic traditions. For men, lightweight long trousers or knee-length shorts paired with polo shirts or casual button-downs are appropriate, while women should opt for loose-fitting clothing that covers shoulders, décolletage, and knees, such as maxi dresses, palazzo pants, or capris with modest tops. Given the hot desert climate with temperatures often exceeding 40°C (104°F), breathable fabrics like cotton and linen are recommended, along with sun protection including hats and sunglasses. While beachwear is acceptable at hotel pools and beaches, it should be covered when moving through public areas. Avoid overly revealing clothing, tight-fitting garments, or items with offensive graphics, particularly when visiting mosques, government buildings, or traditional souks. Although Abu Dhabi is relatively cosmopolitan and tolerant compared to other Middle Eastern destinations, dressing modestly demonstrates respect for Emirati culture and ensures comfortable movement throughout all areas of this dynamic city.
When traveling to Abu Dhabi for a business event, attendees should pack lightweight, breathable business attire suitable for the hot desert climate, while ensuring conservative clothing that respects local customs—covering shoulders and knees is recommended, especially for women. Essential items include valid passport with at least six months validity, visa documentation if required, business cards, electronic devices with appropriate power adapters (UK-style three-pin plugs, 220-240V), and any presentation materials or promotional items for the event. Don't forget sunscreen, sunglasses, and a light jacket for heavily air-conditioned venues, as well as comfortable walking shoes for indoor conference spaces. It's advisable to bring any necessary medications in original packaging with prescriptions, and consider packing formal evening wear if networking dinners or gala events are scheduled. Since Abu Dhabi is a modern, well-equipped city, most business supplies and personal items can be easily purchased locally if needed, but having essential documents, appropriate clothing, and event-specific materials prepared in advance will ensure a smooth and professional business trip.
Based on Abu Dhabi's reputation as one of the safest cities in the United Arab Emirates and the world, there are no significant areas that business travelers or event attendees need to actively avoid from a safety perspective. The city maintains high security standards and low crime rates across all districts. However, visitors should exercise standard precautions in less developed industrial zones on the outskirts of the city, particularly late at night, and should be mindful of construction areas which are prevalent due to ongoing development. Additionally, it's advisable to avoid isolated desert areas outside the main city limits without proper guidance or preparation, especially during extreme heat periods. Business event planners can confidently utilize venues and accommodations throughout Abu Dhabi's main tourist and business districts, including the Corniche, Yas Island, Saadiyat Island, and the central business district, as these areas maintain excellent safety records and infrastructure suitable for international business events.
Abu Dhabi offers world-class healthcare facilities that meet international standards, making it an ideal destination for business events requiring medical support. The emirate is home to several JCI-accredited (Joint Commission International) hospitals and medical venues, including Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, which provides comprehensive specialty care with American board-certified physicians; Sheikh Khalifa Medical City (SKMC), one of the largest tertiary care facilities in the region; and Burjeel Hospital, offering advanced medical services across multiple specialties. These facilities feature state-of-the-art medical technology, emergency services available 24/7, and multilingual staff fluent in English, Arabic, and various other languages to accommodate international visitors and event attendees. Many of these hospitals also have dedicated international patient services departments and medical tourism coordinators who can assist event planners in arranging healthcare support for conferences, exhibitions, and business gatherings, ensuring peace of mind for both organizers and participants.
Abu Dhabi offers comprehensive language services through numerous professional providers that cater to the diverse international business events sector. The emirate's strategic position as a global business hub has fostered a robust industry of translation and interpretation services, with companies offering multilingual support in Arabic, English, and a wide range of other languages including Chinese, French, German, Spanish, Russian, and various Asian and European languages. Professional simultaneous and consecutive interpretation services are available for conferences, meetings, and exhibitions, supported by state-of-the-art equipment and experienced linguists. Many of Abu Dhabi's premier venues and hotels have established partnerships with certified translation agencies that provide on-site interpreters, real-time translation services, document translation, and localization support for marketing materials and technical content. The Abu Dhabi Convention Bureau works closely with event planners to connect them with accredited language service providers who understand the cultural nuances and technical terminology specific to various industries, ensuring seamless communication for international delegates and contributing to the success of business events in the destination.
Proven ground
Recent performance and the events Abu Dhabi is known for hosting.
Abu Dhabi has demonstrated exceptional event performance across diverse sectors, consistently attracting high-profile international conferences, exhibitions, and sporting events. Recent major events such as the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, ADIPEC (Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference), and various international business forums have recorded strong attendance rates, often exceeding 90% capacity with participants from over 100 countries. Participant satisfaction surveys consistently show ratings above 85%, with attendees praising the destination's world-class infrastructure, seamless logistics, advanced venue facilities, and cultural hospitality. The economic impact of these events has been substantial, with major conferences and exhibitions contributing hundreds of millions of dirhams to the local economy through direct spending on accommodation, dining, transportation, and tourism activities. The destination's proven track record in successfully managing large-scale events, combined with robust government support, cutting-edge technology integration, and adherence to international safety standards, positions Abu Dhabi as a reliable and capable host for business events of any scale.
Abu Dhabi hosts several major annual business events that attract international delegates and industry leaders throughout the year. Key events include the Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference (ADIPEC), one of the world's largest energy industry gatherings held every November, attracting over 160,000 attendees from the oil and gas sector. The World Future Energy Summit, part of Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week in January, focuses on renewable energy and clean technology innovation. IDEX (International Defence Exhibition) and NAVDEX take place biennially in February, showcasing defense and maritime security technologies. The Abu Dhabi Finance Week brings together global financial leaders to discuss economic trends and investment opportunities. Additionally, Gulfood Manufacturing, the Global Manufacturing and Industrialisation Summit (GMIS), and various sector-specific conferences in healthcare, aviation, and technology regularly feature on the emirate's business events calendar, reinforcing Abu Dhabi's position as a leading international business hub in the Middle East.
Abu Dhabi has consistently earned exceptional testimonials from international event organizers who praise the emirate's world-class infrastructure, seamless logistics, and unparalleled hospitality. Event planners highlight successful case studies including major conferences at the Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre (ADNEC), where the combination of cutting-edge facilities, strategic location between East and West, and professional support services resulted in record attendance and participant satisfaction. Organizers particularly commend the destination's ability to blend modern business amenities with authentic Arabian culture, the efficiency of the Abu Dhabi Convention Bureau in providing comprehensive support from planning to execution, and the destination's proven track record in hosting prestigious events such as Formula 1 Grand Prix, ADIPEC, and numerous international conferences. Testimonials consistently emphasize the city's commitment to innovation, safety and security standards, diverse accommodation options ranging from luxury hotels to budget-friendly venues, and the memorable experiences created through unique networking opportunities in iconic locations like the Louvre Abu Dhabi and Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, making Abu Dhabi a reliable and impressive choice for business events of any scale.
Abu Dhabi's calendar of key future events is anchored by the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, the emirate's premier featured event of the year, which typically takes place in November/December at the iconic Yas Marina Circuit, attracting over 100,000 spectators and featuring a spectacular combination of Formula 1 racing, world-class entertainment, and cultural experiences. Complementing this flagship event, Abu Dhabi hosts several other major annual gatherings including the Abu Dhabi International Boat Show (October), the Abu Dhabi Festival (March-April) showcasing arts and culture, ADIPEC - the Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference (October/November) which draws thousands of energy industry professionals, and Liwa Date Festival (July) celebrating local heritage. The destination also features prestigious sporting events such as the Abu Dhabi HSBC Championship golf tournament (November), UFC events at Etihad Arena, and various conferences at the Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre (ADNEC), all strategically positioned to leverage the emirate's world-class infrastructure, luxury accommodations, and its position as a global hub for business, sports, and cultural tourism.
Responsible events
How Abu Dhabi supports greener events and channels their value back into the community.
Abu Dhabi has established itself as a leader in sustainable business events through comprehensive environmental initiatives and certifications. The destination boasts numerous LEED-certified green venues, including the Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre (ADNEC), which implements energy-efficient systems, waste reduction programs, and water conservation measures. The emirate's commitment to sustainability is reflected in its compliance with international standards such as ISO 20121 for sustainable event management, while many venues have adopted eco-friendly practices including digital event solutions to reduce paper waste, sustainable catering with locally-sourced ingredients, carbon offset programs, and efficient public transportation connections. Abu Dhabi's broader sustainability vision, aligned with the UAE's Net Zero 2050 initiative, extends to the meetings and events sector through partnerships with green suppliers, promotion of renewable energy usage in event spaces, and the development of purpose-built sustainable infrastructure. The Department of Culture and Tourism – Abu Dhabi actively encourages event planners to incorporate sustainable practices by providing guidelines, support, and showcasing venues that prioritize environmental responsibility, making it an attractive destination for organizations seeking to host environmentally conscious business events.
Abu Dhabi demonstrates strong commitment to environmental protection through comprehensive initiatives and regulations. The emirate has implemented stringent environmental policies including the Abu Dhabi Environment Vision 2030, which focuses on sustainable development, biodiversity conservation, and reducing carbon emissions. The destination has established numerous protected areas such as the Sheikh Zayed Protected Areas Network, covering both marine and terrestrial ecosystems, to safeguard native wildlife including the Arabian Oryx and marine species. Abu Dhabi has invested significantly in renewable energy projects, most notably the Masdar City initiative and large-scale solar power facilities, aiming to diversify its energy portfolio and reduce environmental impact. The emirate enforces strict waste management protocols, promotes water conservation through advanced desalination and recycling technologies, and has implemented green building codes for new developments. Additionally, Abu Dhabi actively works to preserve its mangrove forests and marine habitats, while conducting regular environmental monitoring and research to ensure the long-term sustainability of its natural resources for both residents and business event visitors.
Abu Dhabi has made substantial sustainability-driven investments that position it as a forward-thinking business events destination, with major focus areas including renewable energy, green infrastructure, and social development. The emirate's flagship Masdar City project represents a pioneering sustainable urban development that integrates clean technology and innovation hubs, while investments in solar energy facilities, including the Noor Abu Dhabi solar plant—one of the world's largest single-site solar projects—demonstrate commitment to environmental stewardship. The destination has allocated significant resources toward LEED-certified venues and hotels, sustainable transportation infrastructure including expanded metro networks and electric vehicle charging stations, and water conservation technologies critical in the desert environment. Abu Dhabi's Economic Vision 2030 drives investments in knowledge-based industries, cultural preservation through projects like the Louvre Abu Dhabi and sustainable tourism development, while social investments focus on education, healthcare, and community wellbeing programs. These comprehensive sustainability initiatives not only reduce the destination's carbon footprint but also create a resilient business events ecosystem that appeals to environmentally conscious planners and attendees, ensuring Abu Dhabi's competitiveness as a meetings destination for decades to come.
Abu Dhabi demonstrates strong commitment to local economic and community development through its business events sector, leveraging major conferences, exhibitions, and corporate gatherings as catalysts for sustainable growth. The emirate's initiatives include prioritizing local suppliers and SMEs through procurement policies for events, creating employment opportunities for Emiratis in the hospitality and MICE industries, and investing in infrastructure that serves both visitors and residents. Abu Dhabi's Department of Culture and Tourism actively promotes community engagement programs that connect international business visitors with local entrepreneurs, fostering knowledge transfer and partnership opportunities. The destination also channels revenue from business tourism into community development projects, including skills training programs, cultural preservation initiatives, and sustainable urban development. Through events like Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week and various industry-specific conventions, the emirate positions itself as a hub for innovation and collaboration while ensuring that economic benefits are distributed across local communities, supporting the UAE's broader vision of economic diversification and inclusive growth beyond oil dependency.
Additional source information is temporarily unavailable. The catalogue information remains visible; this does not mean the destination or venue has no additional data.
Your next step
Use the recorded facts to shortlist venues. Confirm capacity, accessibility, prices and availability for your dates before committing. Missing information is omitted, not estimated.
Discuss your requirements →Sections marked Destinaitor data draw on the catalog. Missing values are omitted; confirm specifics for your dates.
